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Blood, Vol. 95 No. 3 (February 1), 2000:
pp. 802-806
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is a disseminated
disease in one third of 158 patients analyzed
Catherine Thieblemont,
Françoise Berger,
Charles Dumontet,
Isabelle Moullet,
Fadhela Bouafia,
Pascale Felman,
Gilles Salles, and
Bertrand Coiffier
From the Service d'hématologie and laboratoire
d'hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite,
France, and the Service d'Anatomie pathologique, Hôpital Edouard
Herriot, Lyon, France.
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-derived lymphoma (MALT lymphoma)
is usually a very indolent lymphoma, described as localized at
diagnosis and remaining localized for a prolonged period; dissemination occurs only after a long course of evolution. In our database, out of
158 patients with MALT lymphoma, 54 patients presented with a
disseminated disease at diagnosis. Of these 54 patients, 17 patients
(30%) presented with multiple involved mucosal sites; 37 patients
(70%) presented with 1 involved mucosal site, but in 23 of these
patients (44%), dissemination of the disease was due to bone marrow
involvement; 12 patients (22%) had multiple lymph node involvement;
and 2 patients (4%) had nonmucosal site involvement. No significant
difference in clinical characteristics (sex, age, performance status,
B symptoms) and biological parameters (hemoglobin [Hb]
and lactate dehydrogenase levels) was observed between localized or
disseminated MALT-lymphoma patients. Only 2-microglobulin level was
significantly more elevated in disseminated disease patients than in
localized disease patients. Complete response after the first treatment
was achieved in 74% of the patients, and there was no difference
between the 2 groups. With a median follow-up of 4 years, the estimated
5- and 10-year overall survival rates were similar in the 2 groups,
86% and 80%, respectively. The median freedom-from-progression
survival was 5.6 years for all patients, surprisingly without any
difference between localized and disseminated MALT-lymphoma patients.
In conclusion, MALT lymphoma is an indolent disease but presents as a
disseminated disease in one-third of the cases at diagnosis. The
dissemination does not change the outcome of the patients.

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