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Hematologic consequences of Borna disease virus infection of rat bone
marrow and thymus stromal cells
SA Rubin, AM Sierra-Honigmann, HM Lederman, RW Waltrip , JJ Eiden and KM Carbone
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Borna disease virus (BDV) was previously believed to have a strict tropism
for the nervous system. BDV has recently been identified by a reverse
transcription-polymerization chain reaction-enzyme immunosorbent assay
(RT-PCR-EIA) in bone marrow cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMC) in BDV-infected Lewis rats. We now report the identification of BDV
RNA and infectious virus in thymus cells from rats infected either as
neonates (PTI-NB) or as adults (4 weeks of age). Based on in vitro studies,
we determined that the BDV- infected cells in bone marrow and thymus tissue
are fibroblastic stromal cells. Bone marrow stromal cells are
nonhematopoietic, fixed- tissue elements that support hematopoiesis, and,
thus, it was not surprising that BDV infection altered the recovery from
granulocytopenia and leukocytopenia after myelosuppressive treatment.
Notably, unlike other immunotropic and neurotropic viruses, BDV does not
appear to infect cells of myeloid or lymphoid lineages. We also report the
association between BDV in the thymus with the lack, or loss, of
encephalitis in neonatally inoculated rats or adult-inoculated rats during
the chronic stage of disease.
Volume 85,
Issue 10,
pp. 2762-2769,
05/15/1995
Copyright © 1995 by The American Society of Hematology
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