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Blood, 1 February 2007, Vol. 109, No. 3, pp. 1228-1232.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 13, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-05-024661.
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Submitted May 22, 2006
Accepted June 20, 2006
Tumor suppressor p16 methylation in multiple myeloma:
biological and clinical implications
Natalia Gonzalez-Paz, Wee J Chng, Rebecca F McClure, Emily Blood, Martin M Oken, Brian Van Ness, C D James, Paul J Kurtin, Kimberly Henderson, Gregory J Ahmann, Morie Gertz, Martha Lacy, Angela Dispenzieri, Philip R Greipp, and Rafael Fonseca*
Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Dept. Hematology-oncology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, AZ, USA
Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), USA
Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
* Corresponding author; email: fonseca.rafael{at}mayo.edu.
The biological and clinical implications of p16 gene methylation in multiple myeloma (MM) are still unclear despite previous studies. In this comprehensive study, using methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR), we show that p16 methylation is relatively common and occurs in MGUS (n=17), SMM (n=40) and MM (n=522) at a prevalence of 24%, 28% and 34% respectively. However, p16 methylation does not appear to affect gene expression level. In a large cohort of patients with long-term follow-up information (n=439), there was no difference in overall survival between patients with or without p16 methylation. We also found no association between p16 methylation and the main cytogenetic categories, although it was more common among patients with 17p13.1 deletions (p53 locus), a genetic progression event in MM. In addition, p16 methylation have no apparent effect on the cycle as there was also no difference in the plasma cell labeling index (a direct measurement of proliferation) between patients with and without p16 methylation. Our results question a major role for p16 methylation in the oncogenesis of the PC neoplasm, and we now believe p16 methylation may be a marker for overall epigenetic changes associated with disease progression, with no obvious direct biological or clinical consequences.

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