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Blood, 15 May 2005, Vol. 105, No. 10, pp. 3979-3986. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 27, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3112. This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2004-08-3112v1 105/10/3979    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Natkunam, Y. Articles by Levy, R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Natkunam, Y. Articles by Levy, R. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Next Article  Submitted August 12, 2004 Accepted November 1, 2004 Expression of the human germinal center-associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein, A new marker of germinal center B cell derivation Yasodha Natkunam*, Izidore S Lossos, Behnaz Taidi, Shuchun Zhao, XiaoQing Lu, Feying Ding, Anne S Hammer, Teresa Marafioti, Gerald E Byrne Jr, Shoshana Levy, Roger A Warnke, and Ronald Levy Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA * Corresponding author; email: yaso{at}stanford.edu. We identified the Human Germinal center-Associated Lymphoma (HGAL) gene in gene expression profiling studies of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The expression of the HGAL gene correlated with survival in patients with DLBCL. The HGAL gene is the human homologue of M17, a mouse gene expressed specifically in normal germinal center B cells. Here we generated a monoclonal antibody against the HGAL protein and show that HGAL is expressed in the cytoplasm of GC-lymphocytes and in lymphomas of GC derivation. Among 727 lymphomas tested by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, HGAL staining was found in follicular (103/107), Burkitt (40/40), mediastinal large B (7/8), and in DLBCL (103/151). The majority of marginal zone lymphomas lacked HGAL staining. Lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin (12/17) and, surprisingly, classical Hodgkin (78/107) lymphomas were found to be positive. Hierarchical clustering of comparative immunohistologic results in DLBCL demonstrates that the expression of HGAL is similar to two other GC-associated proteins BCL6 and CD10, but different from two markers associated with a non-GC phenotype, MUM1/IRF4 and BCL2. The restricted expression and GC-specificity of HGAL protein suggest that it may have an important role in the diagnosis of specific lymphomas, and, potentially in the identification of subtypes associated with different prognoses. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: Y. Natkunam, P. Farinha, E. D. Hsi, C. P. Hans, R. Tibshirani, L. H. Sehn, J. M. Connors, D. Gratzinger, M. Rosado, S. Zhao, et al. LMO2 Protein Expression Predicts Survival in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy With and Without Rituximab J. Clin. Oncol., January 20, 2008; 26(3): 447 - 454. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. J. Marinelli, K. Montgomery, C. L. Liu, N. H. Shah, W. Prapong, M. Nitzberg, Z. K. Zachariah, G. J. Sherlock, Y. Natkunam, R. B. West, et al. The Stanford Tissue Microarray Database Nucleic Acids Res., January 11, 2008; 36(suppl_1): D871 - D877. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. Montes-Moreno, G. Roncador, L. Maestre, N. Martinez, L. Sanchez-Verde, F. I. Camacho, J. Cannata, J. L. Martinez-Torrecuadrada, Y. Shen, W. C. Chan, et al. Gcet1 (centerin), a highly restricted marker for a subset of germinal center-derived lymphomas Blood, January 1, 2008; 111(1): 351 - 358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] X. Lu, J. Chen, R. Malumbres, E. Cubedo Gil, D. M. Helfman, and I. S. Lossos HGAL, a lymphoma prognostic biomarker, interacts with the cytoskeleton and mediates the effects of IL-6 on cell migration Blood, December 15, 2007; 110(13): 4268 - 4277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] G Brady, G J MacArthur, and P J Farrell Epstein Barr virus and Burkitt lymphoma J. Clin. Pathol., December 1, 2007; 60(12): 1397 - 1402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] D. Gratzinger, S. Zhao, R. J. Marinelli, A. V. Kapp, R. J. Tibshirani, A. S. Hammer, S. Hamilton-Dutoit, and Y. Natkunam Microvessel Density and Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Receptors in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Subtypes Am. J. Pathol., April 1, 2007; 170(4): 1362 - 1369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Natkunam, S. Zhao, D. Y. Mason, J. Chen, B. Taidi, M. Jones, A. S. Hammer, S. Hamilton Dutoit, I. S. Lossos, and R. Levy The oncoprotein LMO2 is expressed in normal germinal-center B cells and in human B-cell lymphomas Blood, February 15, 2007; 109(4): 1636 - 1642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Natkunam, G. Vainer, J. Chen, S. Zhao, R. J. Marinelli, A. S. Hammer, S. Hamilton-Dutoit, E. Pikarsky, G. Amir, R. Levy, et al. Expression of the RNA-binding protein VICKZ in normal hematopoietic tissues and neoplasms Haematologica, February 1, 2007; 92(2): 176 - 183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Natkunam The Biology of the Germinal Center Hematology, January 1, 2007; 2007(1): 210 - 215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Natkunam, E. D. Hsi, P. Aoun, S. Zhao, P. Elson, B. Pohlman, H. Naushad, M. Bast, R. Levy, and I. S. Lossos Expression of the human germinal center-associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein identifies a subset of classic Hodgkin lymphoma of germinal center derivation and improved survival Blood, January 1, 2007; 109(1): 298 - 305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] D. Schenten, A. Egert, M. Pasparakis, and K. Rajewsky M17, a gene specific for germinal center (GC) B cells and a prognostic marker for GC B-cell lymphomas, is dispensable for the GC reaction in mice Blood, June 15, 2006; 107(12): 4849 - 4856. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] I. S. Lossos and D. Morgensztern Prognostic Biomarkers in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma J. Clin. Oncol., February 20, 2006; 24(6): 995 - 1007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] I. S. Lossos Molecular Pathogenesis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma J. Clin. Oncol., September 10, 2005; 23(26): 6351 - 6357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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