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 Blood, 1 December 2008, Vol. 112, No. 12, pp. 4384-4399.

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ASH 50th Anniversary Logo
ASH 50TH ANNIVERSARY REVIEWS

Classification of lymphoid neoplasms: the microscope as a tool for disease discovery

Elaine S. Jaffe1, Nancy Lee Harris2, Harald Stein3, and Peter G. Isaacson4

1 Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; 2 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 3 Institute for Pathology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; and 4 Department of Histopathology, University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom

In the past 50 years, we have witnessed explosive growth in the understanding of normal and neoplastic lymphoid cells. B-cell, T-cell, and natural killer (NK)–cell neoplasms in many respects recapitulate normal stages of lymphoid cell differentiation and function, so that they can be to some extent classified according to the corresponding normal stage. Likewise, the molecular mechanisms involved the pathogenesis of lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias are often based on the physiology of the lymphoid cells, capitalizing on deregulated normal physiology by harnessing the promoters of genes essential for lymphocyte function. The clinical manifestations of lymphomas likewise reflect the normal function of lymphoid cells in vivo. The multiparameter approach to classification adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) classification has been validated in international studies as being highly reproducible, and enhancing the interpretation of clinical and translational studies. In addition, accurate and precise classification of disease entities facilitates the discovery of the molecular basis of lymphoid neoplasms in the basic science laboratory.


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