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Blood, 1 September 2005, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp. 1538-1543. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 24, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-04-1437. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2005-04-1437v1 106/5/1538    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Kaplan, L. D. Articles by Scadden, D. T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Kaplan, L. D. Articles by Scadden, D. T. Related Collections Immunobiology Neoplasia Immunotherapy Clinical Trials and Observations Related Letters in Blood Online Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS Rituximab does not improve clinical outcome in a randomized phase 3 trial of CHOP with or without rituximab in patients with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma: AIDS-Malignancies Consortium Trial 010 Lawrence D. Kaplan, Jeannette Y. Lee, Richard F. Ambinder, Joseph A. Sparano, Ethel Cesarman, Amy Chadburn, Alexandra M. Levine, and David T. Scadden From the Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Medical Statistics Section, University of Alabama Birmingham; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Pathology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston. The addition of rituximab to cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy results in significant improvement in clinical outcome for individuals with non–HIV-associated aggressive B-cell lymphoma. To assess the potential risks and benefits of the addition of rituximab to CHOP for HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HIV-NHL) 150 patients receiving CHOP for HIV-NHL were randomized (2:1) to receive 375 mg/m2 rituximab with each chemotherapy cycle (n = 99) or no immunotherapy (n = 50) in a multicenter phase 3 trial. The complete response rate (CR + CRu) was 57.6% for R-CHOP and 47% for CHOP (P = .147). With a median follow-up of 137 weeks, time to progression, progression-free survival, and overall survival times were 125, 45, and 139 weeks, respectively, for R-CHOP and 85, 38, and 110 weeks, respectively, for CHOP (P = not significant, all comparisons). Treatment-related infectious deaths occurred in 14% of patients receiving R-CHOP compared with 2% in the chemotherapy-alone group (P = .035). Of these deaths, 60% occurred in patients with CD4 counts less than 50/mm3. Progression-free survival was significantly influenced by CD4+ count (P < .001) and International Prognostic Index score (P = .022), but not bcl-2 status. The addition of rituximab to CHOP in patients with HIV-NHL may be associated with improved tumor responses. However, these benefits may be offset by an increase in infectious deaths, particularly in those individuals with CD4+ lymphocyte counts less than 50/mm3. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? Related Letters in Blood Online: The infectious consequences of rituximab addition to fludarabine-containing regimens Constantine S. Tam and John F. Seymour Blood 2006 107: 3013-3014. [Full Text] [PDF] The case for rituximab in AIDS-related lymphoma Kieron Dunleavy, Wyndham H. Wilson, and Lawrence D. Kaplan Blood 2006 107: 3014-3015. [Full Text] [PDF] This article has been cited by other articles: G. C. Persad, R. F. Little, and C. 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